Cornell University: Inside the Numbers

May 22, 2026

Cornell University spent the last five admissions cycles doing something none of its Ivy peers has matched. Three different testing regimes ran at once across its undergraduate divisions, and then the university announced a return to test-required admission for the next cycle. Three of Cornell’s eight colleges (Agriculture and Life Sciences, Architecture, Art and Planning, and the SC Johnson College of Business) operated under score-free or test-free policies during most of the period. Five others operated as test-optional with varying degrees of “recommended.” Cornell reinstated standardized testing requirements across all undergraduate colleges for Fall 2026 applicants, with limited exceptions in special circumstances. That single decision, announced in April 2024 after a multi-year task force review, is the most consequential institutional shift at Cornell in this five-year window and shapes how the rest of the data should be read.

The headline numbers have a different rhythm than at most peer Ivies. Total applications swung from 67,380 in the Fall 2021 cycle up to 71,164 in Fall 2022, back down to 65,612 in Fall 2024, then up sharply to 72,523 for Fall 2025, an all-time high. Cornell’s admit rate has held between 7.3 percent and 8.7 percent across the period, a tight enough band that the year-to-year variation is largely noise. Yield has moved more meaningfully, from a high of 67.5 percent in Fall 2022 to 63 percent in Fall 2025, and the entering class has crept up from 3,491 to 3,827, an increase of nearly 10 percent over four years. With more than 16,000 undergraduates across its eight colleges, Cornell remains the largest undergraduate enterprise in the Ivy League.

Stable selectivity numbers can mislead. The interesting story at Cornell over this period is not whether the school has gotten harder to get into in aggregate (the answer is essentially no, in any meaningful statistical sense). The story sits in how the institution allocates its admits across its eight undergraduate divisions, what happened to Early Decision in 2024 and again in 2025, how testing policy fractured by college and is about to reunify, and how Cornell’s financial aid structure (a $75,000 floor for full-need packages with major expansions announced for the 2026-27 academic year) compares to peer Ivies that have moved their thresholds higher. Two new data points are also worth flagging up front: Cornell announced 5,776 admits to the Class of 2030 in March 2026 (a 0.8 percent decrease from the Class of 2029), and this was the first cohort admitted under the reinstated mandatory testing policy. What follows works through the data year by year, then closes with observations on what the five-year record should mean for application strategy.

Application volume and selectivity

Cornell does not publicly release admissions data at the close of each cycle (the university stopped that practice in March 2020), so the five-year picture has to be built from the Common Data Set and supplemental reporting. The application count moved as follows: 67,380 (Fall 2021), 71,164 (Fall 2022), 67,846 (Fall 2023), 65,612 (Fall 2024), and 72,523 (Fall 2025). The Fall 2022 spike and the Fall 2024 dip both have plausible explanations. Fall 2022 was the high-water mark of pandemic-era test-optional application inflation across selective admissions, and Cornell shared in it. The Fall 2024 dip of roughly 3,200 applications coincided with Cornell’s April 2024 announcement that testing would be reinstated for Fall 2026, which sent a signal to the market that the test-optional window was closing. The Fall 2025 cycle brought the application count to its highest level on record.

Admits have ranged from 5,168 to 6,077 across the five years. The Fall 2022 figure of 5,168 is the floor (and produced the lowest admit rate, 7.3 percent), while Fall 2025 set the ceiling at 6,077, including 254 waitlist admits. Yield has been the more revealing trend line: 63.5 percent in Fall 2021, jumping to 67.5 percent in Fall 2022, and then settling in the 63 to 66 percent range through Fall 2025. Cornell’s yield consistently runs above most peer Ivies outside the HYP tier, which reflects both the binding-ED contribution (more on that below) and the school-specific application pathway through Cornell’s eight undergraduate divisions, which tends to filter for students who have already done some self-selection.

Fall 2021 Fall 2022 Fall 2023 Fall 2024 Fall 2025
Applications 67,380 71,164 67,846 65,612 72,523
Admits (incl. waitlist) 5,852 5,168 5,358 5,516 6,077
Admit rate 8.7% 7.3% 7.9% 8.4% 8.4%
Enrolled 3,718 3,491 3,537 3,525 3,827
Yield 63.5% 67.5% 66.0% 63.9% 63.0%

Source: Cornell University Common Data Sets, Section C1, 2021-22 through 2025-26. Admit rates calculated on total admits including waitlist.

The Class of 2030 update arrived in March 2026. Cornell admitted 5,776 students, a 0.8 percent decrease from the 5,824 announced at Ivy Day for the Class of 2029, per the Cornell Chronicle and Cornell Daily Sun. The full application count for the Class of 2030 will not be available until the next Common Data Set publishes. The Class of 2030 is also the first cohort admitted under the reinstated mandatory testing policy. Some analysts expect application volume to have stabilized or fallen modestly as applicants without test scores self-selected out, though the actual figure will only be known when Cornell releases it.

Early Decision: the most volatile data point in the file

Early Decision activity at Cornell tells a more dramatic story than the overall admit rate. ED applications grew steadily across the five-year window, from 9,017 in Fall 2021 to a record 10,057 in Fall 2025. The admits side, though, swung wildly. Cornell admitted 1,930 students ED for Fall 2021, then 1,831, then 1,670, then dropped sharply to just 1,161 ED admits for Fall 2024, before nearly doubling back to 2,162 for Fall 2025. The ED admit rate fell from 21.4 percent (Fall 2021) all the way to 11.6 percent (Fall 2024), then rebounded to 21.5 percent the very next cycle.

The Fall 2024 squeeze on ED admits is the single most striking institutional choice visible in this data. Cornell shrunk the ED admitted pool by 30 percent year-over-year while ED applications grew by 5 percent, which dramatically depressed the early advantage that cycle. The decision to expand ED admits back to 2,162 the following year suggests this was a one-year stress test rather than a long-term shift, possibly motivated by the desire to preserve yield flexibility during a transition year. For applicants weighing whether to apply ED, the structural lesson is that Cornell’s ED admit rate is more volatile than its peers’ and should not be treated as a fixed input.

Fall 2021 Fall 2022 Fall 2023 Fall 2024 Fall 2025
ED applications 9,017 9,555 9,515 9,973 10,057
ED admitted 1,930 1,831 1,670 1,161 2,162
ED admit rate 21.4% 19.2% 17.6% 11.6% 21.5%
ED share of class 51.9% 52.4% 47.2% 32.5% 56.5%

Source: Cornell Common Data Sets, Section C21. ED share of class = ED admits divided by total enrolled, treating yield on ED as effectively 100 percent.

The Fall 2025 cohort is the first in this window where ED admits clearly exceeded the eventual matriculated class size from that round alone (2,162 ED admits versus 3,827 total enrollees). Even allowing for some ED admits who withdraw for hardship and the small number who do not matriculate, the practical implication is that more than half of Cornell’s seats in the Fall 2025 class were claimed by Early Decision applicants. Cornell does not offer Early Action or Restrictive Early Action; the binding ED option is the primary early pathway, supplemented by QuestBridge Match for qualifying applicants from lower-income backgrounds. There is no published statistic on the cohort-by-cohort ED advantage by college, but applicants targeting the most popular Cornell divisions (Engineering, Arts and Sciences) should assume ED meaningfully changes the math, especially in years when the ED admit pool is expanded.

The eight colleges and what they mean for strategy

Cornell is structurally unlike its Ivy peers. Applicants apply directly to one of eight undergraduate divisions, four of which are endowed (private) and four of which are statutory (state-contracted, with reduced tuition for New York residents). The endowed colleges are Arts and Sciences, the David A. Duffield College of Engineering (renamed in 2025 following a major naming gift), Architecture/Art/Planning, and the Hotel Administration program within SC Johnson Business. The statutory colleges are Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), Human Ecology, Industrial and Labor Relations (ILR), and the Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management within SC Johnson Business. The Jeb E. Brooks School of Public Policy, created in 2021 after separating from the College of Human Ecology, began admitting undergraduates directly soon after its founding, though Cornell’s public reporting on Brooks has shifted across cycles as the school has matured. The Cornell Bowers College of Computing and Information Science, established in 2020, exists as a college but students interested in computing-related majors generally apply through affiliated undergraduate colleges (Engineering, Arts and Sciences, or CALS) rather than directly to Bowers. Admit rates vary substantially by college (this is well-documented externally), and the application is read by the specific college’s admissions team, with subject-area fit weighing heavily in the file.

The Common Data Set publishes residency breakdowns in only two of the five years in this window (Fall 2023 and Fall 2025), but the two years are consistent enough to flag a few observations. New York residents made up about 18 percent of the applicant pool in both years and were admitted at 12 to 13 percent, materially higher than the 9 percent rate for out-of-state applicants and the 3 to 4 percent rate for internationals. The gap is structural rather than discretionary: the four statutory colleges have a state mandate to serve New York residents at preferential tuition rates, so admit rates to those programs tilt toward residents. The endowed colleges do not operate this way. Enrolled New York State residents have held at roughly 31 to 32 percent of the Cornell first-year class across the two reported years, which means the statutory pathway is meaningful for in-state applicants and largely irrelevant for out-of-state ones. The fastest-growing applicant segment in this window has been international (up 10 percent from Fall 2023 to Fall 2025), followed by out-of-state (up 7 percent); in-state applications grew about 3 percent.

The headline admit rate also conceals enormous variation across the eight undergraduate colleges, which Cornell’s Office of Institutional Research and Planning publishes separately. In Fall 2025, the most selective Cornell division (the Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management) admitted 5.4 percent of applicants; the least selective (the Nolan School of Hotel Administration) admitted 22.3 percent. That spread is not an anomaly. Across the five-year window, college-level admit rates have ranged from 4.2 percent (Dyson, Fall 2022) to 22.3 percent (Nolan, Fall 2025). The published 8.4 percent rate for the institution is a weighted average that does not apply to any specific applicant; the operative number is the admit rate for the college the applicant selected.

College Fall 2021 Fall 2022 Fall 2023 Fall 2024 Fall 2025
Dyson 5.4% 4.2% 4.8% 4.9% 5.4%
Engineering (Duffield) 8.0% 6.1% 7.4% 6.7% 6.6%
Arts & Sciences 7.1% 5.4% 6.1% 7.4% 7.9%
Human Ecology 17.0% 15.7% 11.1% 12.0% 9.6%
AAP 9.7% 8.1% 9.5% 9.0% 10.4%
CALS 12.3% 12.9% 14.2% 14.5% 12.1%
ILR 17.2% 18.3% 19.5% 20.4% 15.7%
Nolan 19.2% 16.5% 17.9% 18.0% 22.3%

Source: Cornell Office of Institutional Research & Planning, fall first-year application data by college, updated 9/26/2025. Admit rate = acceptances divided by applications. Rows ordered by Fall 2025 selectivity. Excludes the Brooks School of Public Policy, which began admitting undergraduates in Fall 2023 and accounts for roughly 1,200-1,500 applications annually.

Two patterns are worth flagging. First, the selectivity gradient across Cornell’s colleges does not map cleanly to the endowed-versus-statutory distinction. Dyson, a statutory program, is the hardest Cornell admit by some margin (4 to 6 percent across the period, numerically comparable to the admit rates reported by the most selective private universities), while Nolan, an endowed program, is the most accessible (17 to 22 percent). Arts and Sciences, Engineering, and AAP have stayed in the 6 to 10 percent band; CALS, Human Ecology, and ILR have generally run higher. For applicants, the relevant admit rate is the rate at the specific college, not the institutional weighted average. Second, individual colleges have moved meaningfully even when the institution-wide admit rate has been flat. Human Ecology’s admit rate fell from 17 percent in Fall 2021 to under 10 percent in Fall 2025, reflecting both the Brooks School splitting off in Fall 2021 (which reduced the application count) and a real shift in selectivity. ILR tightened to 15.7 percent in Fall 2025 from 20.4 percent the year before. Nolan moved in the opposite direction, jumping from 18 percent in Fall 2024 to 22.3 percent in Fall 2025, the single largest year-over-year admit-rate movement at any college in the data. Application volume is also uneven: Arts and Sciences alone receives roughly 30,000 applications a year (more than 40 percent of Cornell’s total), Engineering has grown most over the five years (up 17 percent), and CALS saw a 26 percent application surge in Fall 2025 alone (6,320 to 7,974), the largest single-year volume jump at any Cornell college in the window.

The testing whiplash

Cornell’s testing policy across this five-year window is unusually complicated, even by post-2020 standards. The Fall 2021 entering class (the first wave of pandemic-era admissions) saw three of Cornell’s eight undergraduate divisions go test-free: CALS, Architecture/Art/Planning, and the two Business programs (Hotel Administration and Dyson). The other five divisions (Arts and Sciences, Engineering, Human Ecology, ILR, and the Brooks School of Public Policy after its 2021 launch) operated as test-optional. That split persisted for four admissions cycles, through Fall 2024.

In April 2024, Cornell announced that all eight divisions would require the SAT or ACT for Fall 2026 admission. The Fall 2025 cycle (covered by the 2025-26 CDS) operated under the old split policy, but Cornell encouraged score submission to the five formerly test-optional divisions, and a Cornell task force report released alongside the announcement made clear that internally the institution viewed test scores as predictive of academic performance. The task force found that admitted students who submitted scores had “somewhat stronger” first-semester GPAs at Cornell and were less likely to fall out of good academic standing. The task force also concluded that test-optional policies had not produced the diversification gains many hoped for: “it does not appear that the shift in Cornell’s testing policy has played a major role in diversifying first-year students by race/ethnicity/citizenship, first-generation status, or family income.”

Score submission rates among matriculated students stayed low across the test-optional years. In Fall 2025, 43 percent of enrolled first-year students submitted SAT scores and 13 percent submitted ACT scores, for total reported score coverage of about 56 percent. Among those who did submit, the score distribution is exactly what you would expect at this tier of selectivity. The SAT 25th-75th percentile range tightened over the five years from 1450-1540 (Fall 2021) to 1490-1550 (Fall 2025), with the median creeping up from around 1500 to 1530. The ACT range held steady at 33-35. For Fall 2026 applicants, the requirement to submit will shift the score-submitting pool from the roughly 40 percent of admits who self-selected up to 100 percent, which will change what the published ranges look like in the 2026-27 CDS in ways that are hard to forecast precisely.

Fall 2021 Fall 2022 Fall 2023 Fall 2024 Fall 2025
Pct submitting SAT 41% 43% 42% 40% 43%
SAT EBRW 25-75 700-760 710-770 720-770 730-770 730-770
SAT Math 25-75 750-800 750-800 760-790 770-800 770-800
SAT Composite 25-75 1450-1540 1470-1550 1480-1550 1510-1560 1490-1550
Pct submitting ACT 20% 17% 14% 13% 13%
ACT Composite 25-75 33-35 33-35 33-35 33-35 33-35

Source: Cornell Common Data Sets, Section C9 (2021-22, 2022-23, 2023-24, 2025-26). Fall 2024 score ranges and submission rates from IPEDS, as Cornell did not publicly release a 2024-25 CDS; Fall 2024 SAT Composite from external admissions reporting (IPEDS reports section scores but not composite).

Cost of attendance and aid

Sticker price has moved as expected at this tier. Tuition at the endowed colleges went from $62,456 in 2022-23 to $73,946 for 2026-27, an 18.4 percent cumulative increase across four years (about 4.3 percent annually compounded). Required fees rose from $744 to $1,024 over the same period, and food-and-housing (formerly room-and-board) went from $17,088 to $21,348. The total published cost of attendance for an unsubsidized, full-pay endowed-college student for the 2026-27 academic year sits at $96,318 before books, supplies, transportation, and personal expenses. For statutory-college New York residents, the published in-state tuition rate is significantly lower, currently $49,816 for the 2026-27 year.

Fall 2021 Fall 2022 Fall 2023 Fall 2024 Fall 2025
Tuition $62,456 $65,204 $68,380 $71,266 $73,946
Required fees $744 $810 $934 $1,004 $1,024
Food and housing $17,088 $18,554 $19,428 $20,574 $21,348
Published total $80,288 $84,568 $88,742 $92,844 $96,318

Source: Cornell Common Data Sets, Section G1, and Cornell Board of Trustees 2026-27 budget approval (March 2026). Each CDS year reports the next academic year’s costs.

Cornell meets 100 percent of demonstrated financial need for all admitted undergraduates and remains need-blind for U.S. applicants. Institutional grant aid totaled $409 million in 2023-24 (the most recent year with final CDS data), up from $324 million in 2020-21. Roughly 50 percent of Cornell undergraduates receive Cornell-funded grant aid in a typical year. The average need-based aid package for first-year students with need is roughly $62,000, and about 95 percent of admitted students with documented need receive a package that fully meets that need.

The aid picture changed materially in March 2026, when Cornell’s Board of Trustees approved the 2026-27 budget. Two thresholds matter. Families with annual income up to $75,000 and typical assets receive aid offers that cover the full cost of attendance through grants, scholarships, and work-study, with no student loans. A new tier was added for the 2026-27 year: families earning up to $125,000, with typical assets, now receive grant and scholarship aid that fully covers tuition. This is a meaningful expansion that closes part of the gap with peer Ivies, though Cornell still includes some loan component in aid packages for families above $125,000.

Peer comparisons remain relevant. Harvard announced in March 2025 that beginning with the 2025-26 academic year, undergraduate tuition would be free for families earning $200,000 or less, with full cost of attendance (tuition, housing, food, health insurance, travel) covered for families earning $100,000 or less. Princeton, which has been entirely loan-free since 2001, expanded its aid program for the 2025-26 year to cover the full cost of attendance for families earning up to $150,000 and to provide tuition-free admission for families earning up to $250,000. MIT and the University of Pennsylvania have moved to free tuition under $200,000 income. Cornell’s new $125,000 tuition-free threshold and $75,000 full-COA threshold are real progress but still sit below the Harvard and Princeton numbers for full-COA coverage. For middle-income families (the $150,000-$200,000 band, where need-based aid is meaningful but not full-coverage), Cornell’s packages will typically include a loan component that would not appear in a comparable Princeton or Harvard offer. The net-price calculator on Cornell’s financial aid site is the right tool for families to use before the application stage.

What it actually takes: the C7 factors

The mechanics of the Cornell application are straightforward. Students apply through the Common Application or QuestBridge (Cornell does not accept the Coalition Application), select one of the eight undergraduate divisions as their first-choice college, pay an $85 application fee (waivable for financial hardship), and submit a high school transcript, school report and counselor recommendation, two teacher recommendations, and Cornell-specific essay prompts that vary by college. ED applicants apply by November 1 with supporting materials due November 15 and decisions by mid-December. Regular Decision applicants apply by January 2 with decisions by late March on Ivy Day.

Section C7 of the Common Data Set asks each institution to rate the factors it considers in admission. Cornell’s responses have been consistent across the five years, with one notable exception (standardized test scores, which moved from “Not Considered” in 2021-22 and 2022-23 to “Considered” in 2025-26, reflecting the partial test-optional policy in effect for the Fall 2025 cycle). For Fall 2026 and beyond, with tests required across the eight undergraduate colleges (with limited exceptions), scores function closer to a baseline expectation than a discretionary input. Below is the C7 grid as reported in the 2025-26 CDS.

Very Important Important Considered Not Considered
Rigor of secondary school record Class rank Standardized test scores Religious affiliation
Application essay Academic GPA Interview Level of applicant’s interest
Recommendations First generation
Extracurricular activities Alumni relation
Talent/ability Geographical residence
Character/personal qualities State residency
Volunteer work
Work experience

Source: Cornell University Common Data Set 2025-26, Section C7. Standardized test scores reported as “Not Considered” in 2021-22 and 2022-23 CDS, reflecting the test-free/test-optional policies in effect for those cycles.

Six of the eighteen non-academic and academic factors carry the highest weight at Cornell, which is more than at most highly selective universities. Cornell’s emphasis on talent/ability and character/personal qualities (both “Very Important”) reflects an institution that genuinely reads the file for fit by college and program, and the weight given to the application essay and recommendations underlines that point. Demonstrated interest (“level of applicant’s interest”) is reported as “Not Considered,” which means visits, info-session attendance, and email engagement should not change admission probability at the official policy level. (Cornell does note that applicants are tracked through admissions communications, and the file does record whether an applicant requested information, registered for events, or met with admissions staff at a high school visit. The standard guidance to applicants applies: low-cost demonstrations of seriousness are not required, but they are worth doing.)

The factors marked “Considered” rather than “Important” or “Very Important” are worth reading carefully. First-generation status, alumni relation, geographical residence, and state residency all sit in the lower tier of consideration. That does not mean they are irrelevant. Cornell reported 16.5 percent of admitted Class of 2028 students as first-generation (per Cornell Daily Sun reporting on the official Cornell admissions announcement), and the most recent publicly available figure for legacy share is 14.7 percent of Cornell’s Class of 2025, per Cornell student government data cited in the Cornell Daily Sun. More recent legacy figures are not publicly disclosed by Cornell. The C7 rating reflects that these factors function as tiebreakers and context rather than primary admit drivers. The interview is rated “Considered” and remains an optional, alumni-conducted process; it is offered for some applicants by some colleges but not as a routine part of the admission file.

Retention and graduation

Cornell’s undergraduate persistence numbers have been strong and stable. The first-year retention rate for the Fall 2024 entering cohort was 97.8 percent, in line with the 96.9 percent reported for the Fall 2021 cohort and the 98 percent reported for the Fall 2022 cohort. The six-year graduation rate for the Fall 2019 entering class (reported in the 2025-26 CDS) was 95 percent overall, compared to 94.8 percent for the Fall 2015 cohort and 95 percent for the Fall 2017 cohort. By disaggregation in the most recent reporting, Pell Grant recipients graduated within six years at an 88.5 percent rate, Stafford Loan recipients (without Pell) at 94.5 percent, and students who received neither at 96.0 percent. The 7.5-point gap between Pell recipients and the non-aid cohort is real and notable, though it has narrowed from a 9-point gap for the Fall 2014 cohort.

What the five-year record means for applicants

Three observations are worth carrying forward into application strategy, particularly for the Fall 2026 cycle and beyond.

First, the testing reinstatement is the most important institutional shift of the period, and it changes the calculus for applicants in ways the rest of the data has not yet caught up to. For Fall 2025 applicants who could still operate under the old split policy, the strategic question was which Cornell college to apply to and whether to submit scores to the test-optional ones. For Fall 2026 applicants, that question is largely moot: nearly all applicants to every Cornell college will submit scores, with limited exceptions for special circumstances. The Fall 2025 admit pool’s reported score range (1490-1550 SAT composite) was constructed from a self-selected 56 percent of the class who chose to submit. The corresponding range for Fall 2026 will be built from a much larger share of admits, which will almost certainly produce a wider 25-75 percent band that reaches lower at the bottom end. Students applying with strong-but-not-perfect scores should not look at the 1490-1550 range and assume they are below the line.

Second, the Early Decision data is volatile enough that any single-year ED admit rate at Cornell should be treated as one observation, not a baseline. The Fall 2024 collapse from 1,670 ED admits to 1,161, followed by the Fall 2025 expansion to 2,162, reflects a level of cycle-to-cycle institutional discretion that applicants and counselors should account for. ED at Cornell remains a meaningful advantage when the office is in expansion mode and a more challenging path when it is not. Applicants who are committed enough to apply ED should do so based on fit and conviction rather than perceived admit-rate arbitrage, because the perceived advantage in any given year may not exist.

Third, the eight-college structure is the single most important strategic input that families consistently underweight. Cornell is not one admissions decision; it is eight admissions decisions, and the application is read by the specific college’s team. CALS, Architecture/Art/Planning, and the SC Johnson Business programs each operated as test-free divisions through Fall 2025, which produced a meaningfully different admission experience for applicants to those colleges than for applicants to Arts and Sciences or Engineering. The college selection within the application matters more at Cornell than at any other Ivy, and a thoughtful match between an applicant’s profile and a Cornell college’s stated focus is more predictive of admission than any single statistic in this report.

The data also suggest a fourth observation, though it is less actionable: Cornell remains a school where the published statistics do less work than at peer Ivies because of how much variance the eight-college structure absorbs. An 8.4 percent admit rate at Princeton conceals subgroup variation as well (recruited athletes, legacy applicants, QuestBridge, first-generation, international), but the institutional admit rate is at least operating against one applicant pool reviewed by one admissions office. At Cornell, the same headline number conceals admit rates that range from roughly 5 percent at the most selective programs to closer to 15 to 22 percent at the least selective, with each application read by a different team. Read the published numbers as a starting point, not an answer.

Related Reading

For data on cost of attendance, need-based aid, and other admissions metrics across hundreds of institutions, see the College Transitions Dataverse. For the most current Cornell-specific information, the Cornell Office of Institutional Research and Planning publishes annual application data by college, and the Cornell Financial Aid Office maintains the net-price calculator and detailed eligibility guidance. National score and enrollment context for selective universities is available through the IPEDS data system.