Best HBCU Colleges Listed by State

HBCUs, or historically Black colleges and universities, are U.S. colleges and universities with the primary mission of educating African American students. Specifically, the Higher Education Act of 1965 defines HBCUs as “any historically black college or university that was established prior to 1964, whose principal mission was, and is, the education of black Americans, and that is accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or association determined by the Secretary to be a reliable authority as to the quality of training offered or is, according to such an agency or association, making reasonable progress toward accreditation.”[i] Today, there are just over one hundred HBCU colleges in the U.S. that vary in size, location, and focus, from all-women’s liberal arts colleges like Spelman, to midsized, research-based universities like North Carolina A&T.

Why Choose an HBCU College?

Put plainly, HBCU colleges are pretty awesome in the opportunities and advantages they can afford to Black students and students of color (if you are looking for general demographic information, look here). Statistically, Black students who attend HBCU colleges report experiencing higher levels of social engagement and inclusion and lower levels of isolation and overt racism.[ii] Students at HBCU colleges will work with diverse faculty (around 60% of HBCU faculty are Black) and Black students at HBCUs are 40% more likely to graduate with a bachelor’s degree than Black students at predominately white academic institutions.[iii]

What’s more, African American students who attend HBCU colleges are more likely to attend graduate school and receive doctoral degrees in politics, law, medicine, and teaching. Impressively, while Black students are significantly underrepresented in STEM fields (comprising only 9% of the STEM labor field), HBCUs produce about 27% of Black STEM graduates and, as such, are actively combating this disparity.[iv]

What is an HBCU College? (Continued)

HBCU colleges historically tend to receive less funding than predominately white institutions, and yet African-American students are often more likely to receive bachelor’s degrees from HBCUs as they are from other colleges (indicating that HBCUs are still producing quality students, despite not receiving as much funding as other schools).[v] Finally, studies have shown that often, HBCUs more readily serve low-income students and ultimately increase upward social mobility for those students.[vi] Suffice it to say that there are plenty of reasons why you might choose an HBCU college!

Admission to an HBCU College

In general, Black student enrollment at HBCU colleges has increased by 14% in the past forty years. More recently, many HBCUs have seen a drastic uptick in applicants: Spelman received 20% more applicants in the 201-2022 school year and Morehouse saw an 86% increase in applicants between 2019 and 2022.[vii]

An important factor to consider when examining admissions to HBCU colleges is the 2023 Supreme Court Students for Fair Admission v. Harvard ruling, in which race-based affirmative action programs were banned from use in college admissions.[viii] This decision may have wide-reaching effects for scholarships, grants, recruitment, and general funding in universities across the country.[ix] For instance, after the ruling, the University of Missouri promptly discontinued all scholarships that used race and ethnicity as a basis for selection criteria.

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

The long-term ramifications of this ruling remain to be seen, but some experts predict that the ruling may cause a further upswing in Black applicants to HBCUs.[x]  Ultimately, this may cause acceptance rates to drop at HBCUs. Some HBCUs (like Howard University, with an overall acceptance rate of only 35%) are already highly competitive. This can be daunting information when you’re applying for schools, but the good news is that, once accepted, your degree from a more selective HBCU will carry more social, cultural, and economic capital.

Best HBCU Colleges by State

Below, you’ll find a list of 100 accredited HBCUs that accept undergraduates, organized by state. Many HBCU colleges can be found in southern states (due to segregation laws that banned Black students from enrolling in colleges), though you’ll find a few HBCU colleges in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and even in the Virgin Islands. Keep in mind that the “best” school for you might not be the best school for another student. As such, with each school we’ve included enrollment estimates from 2022, along with acceptance rates, school locations and tuition estimates (pay attention to in-state and out-of-state fees: there is sometimes a marked difference in tuition here!). Using this information, you can begin to discern which HBCU colleges might be the best fit for you. Good luck!

Best HBCU Colleges in Alabama

Alabama A&M University

• City: Huntsville
• In-State Tuition: $10,024
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,634
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,206
• Acceptance Rate: 71.6%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Alabama State University

• City: Montgomery
• In-State Tuition: $11,068
• Out-of-State Tuition: $19,396
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,296
• Acceptance Rate: 98%

Bishop State Community College

• City: Mobile
• In-State Tuition: $4,860
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,550
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,176
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Gadsden State College

• City: Gadsden
• In-State Tuition: $3,936
• Out-of-State Tuition: $6,888
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,993
• Acceptance Rate: 53%

J.F. Drake State Community and Technical College

• City: Huntsville
• In-State Tuition: $4,830
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,520
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 825
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Lawson State Community College

• City: Birmingham
• In-State Tuition: $4,860
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,550
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,823
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Miles College

• City: Fairfield
• Tuition: $12,714
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,520
• Acceptance Rage: N/A

Oakwood University

• City: Huntsville
• Tuition: $20,040
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,378
• Acceptance Rate: 72%

Selma University

• City: Selma
• Tuition: $4,800
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Shelton State Community College

• City: Tuscaloosa
• In-State Tuition: $4,587
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,277
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,743
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Stillman College

• City: Tuscaloosa
• Tuition: $11,392
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 728
• Acceptance Rate: 76%

Talladega College

• City: Talladega
• Tuition: $15,650
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 832
• Acceptance Rate: 49%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Tuskegee University

• City: Tuskegee
• Tuition: $22,679
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,100
• Acceptance Rate: 30%

Councill Trenholm State Community College

• City: Montgomery
• In-State Tuition: $4,770
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,460
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,526
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in Arkansas

University of Arkansas: Pine Bluff

• City: Pine Bluff
• In-State Tuition: $8,668
• Out-of-State Tuition: $15,838
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,182
• Acceptance Rate: 69%

Arkansas Baptist College

• City: Little Rock
• Tuition: $8,760
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 864
• Acceptance Rate: 73%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Philander Smith College

• City: Little Rock
• Tuition: $13,014
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 769
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Shorter College

• City: North Little Rock
• Tuition: $5,596
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 223
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Best HBCU Colleges in Delaware

Delaware State University

• City: Dover
• In-State Tuition: $8,358
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,280
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 4,996
• Acceptance Rate: 55%

Best HBCU Colleges in the District of Columbia

University of the District of Columbia

• City: Washington, D.C.
• In-State Tuition: $9,140
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,260
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,061
• Acceptance Rate: 61%

Howard University

• City: Washington, D.C.
• Tuition: $33,344
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 9,809
• Acceptance Rate: 35% (early decision acceptance: 53%)

Best HBCU Colleges in Florida

Bethune-Cookman University

• City: Daytona Beach
• Tuition: $14,794
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,628
• Acceptance Rate: 85%

Edward Waters University

• City: Jacksonville
• Tuition: $14,878
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,840
• Acceptance Rage: 80%

Best HBCU Colleges in Florida (Continued)

Florida A&M University

• City: Tallahassee
• In-State Tuition: $5,785
• Out-of-State Tuition: $17,725
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,785
• Acceptance Rate: 33%

Florida Memorial University

• City: Miami Gardens
• Tuition: $16,836
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 992
• Acceptance Rate: 57%

Best HBCU Colleges in Georgia

Albany State University

• City: Albany
• In-State Tuition: $6,500
• Out-of-State Tuition: $19,902
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,833
• Acceptance Rate: 86%

Clark Atlanta University

• City: Atlanta
• Tuition: $26,446
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,427
• Acceptance Rate: 56%

Fort Valley State University

• City: Fort Valley
• In-State Tuition: $6,788
• Out-of-State Tuition: $20,190
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,354
• Acceptance Rate: 43%

Best HBCU Colleges in Georgia (Continued)

Interdenominational Theological Center

• City: Atlanta
• Tuition: $14,000
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 300
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Morehouse College

• City: Atlanta
• Tuition: $14,734
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,567
• Acceptance Rate: 59%

Morris Brown College

• City: Atlanta
• Tuition: $8,500
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 342
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in Georgia (Continued)

Paine College

• City: Augusta
• Tuition: $14,596
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 251
• Acceptance Rate: 52%

Savannah State University

• City: Savannah
• Tuition: $30,274
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,138
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Spelman College

• City: Atlanta
• Tuition: $30,058
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,374
• Acceptance Rate: 28% (early acceptance 50.8%)

Note: All-women’s college

Best HBCU Colleges in Kentucky

Kentucky State University

• City: Frankfort
• In-State Tuition: $9,214
• Out-of-State Tuition: $13,260
• Acceptance Rate: 91%

Simmons College of Kentucky

• City: Louisville
• Tuition: $16,00
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 237
• Acceptance Rate: 57%

Best HBCU Colleges in Louisiana

Dillard University

• City: New Orleans
• Tuition: $22,594
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,224
• Acceptance Rate: 80%

Grambling State University

• City: Grambling
• In-State Tuition: $7,683
• Out-of-State Tuition: $16,706
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 4,405
• Acceptance Rate: 72%

Southern University and A&M College

• City: Baton Rouge
• In-State Tuition: $9,290
• Out-of-State Tuition: $10,479
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 6,470
• Acceptance Rate: 54%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Southern University at New Orleans

• City: New Orleans
• In-State Tuition: $3,550
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,000
• Undergraduate Enrollment:1,680
• Acceptance Rate: 46%

Southern University at Shreveport

• City: Shreveport
• In-State Tuition: $4,958
• Out-of-State Tuition: $8,258
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,013
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Xavier University of Louisiana

• City: New Orleans
• Tuition: $27,870
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,696
• Acceptance Rate: 95%

Best HBCU Colleges in Maryland

Bowie State University

• City: Bowie
• In-State Tuition: $8,999
• Out-of-State Tuition: $19,839
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,387
• Acceptance Rate: 87%

Coppin State University

• City: Baltimore
• In-State Tuition: $7,001
• Out-of-State Tuition: $13,789
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,757
• Acceptance Rate: 45%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

University of Maryland: Eastern Shore

• City: Princess Anne
• In-State Tuition: $8,898
• Out-of-State Tuition: $19,728
• Undergraduate Enrollment:1,933
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Morgan State University

• City: Baltimore
• In-State Tuition: $8,118
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,800
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 7,609
• Acceptance Rate: 85%

Best HBCU Colleges in Mississippi

Alcorn State University

• City: Lorman
• Tuition: $8,549
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,346
• Acceptance Rate: 30%

Coahoma Community College

• City: Clarksdale
• Tuition: $3,003
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,612
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Hinds County Community College

• City: Raymond
  In-State Tuition: $3,750
• Out-of-State Tuition: $6,800
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 11,181
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in Mississippi (Continued)

Jackson State University

• City: Jackson
• In-State Tuition: $8,445
• Out-of-State Tuition: $9,445
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 4,763
• Acceptance Rate: 62%

Mississippi Valley State University

• City: Itta Bena
• Tuition: $7,334
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,654
• Acceptance Rate: 65%

Rust College

• City: Holly Springs
• Tuition: $9,900
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 768
• Acceptance Rate: 38%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

Tougaloo College

• City: Tougaloo
• Tuition: $11,398
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 657
• Acceptance Rate: 49%

Best HBCU Colleges in Missouri

Harris-Stowe State University

• City: St. Louis
• In-State Tuition: $6,058
• Out-of-State Tuition: $10,690
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,084
• Acceptance Rate: 17%

Lincoln University

• City: Jefferson City
• In-State Tuition: $8,386
• Out-of-State Tuition: $15,616
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,689
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in North Carolina

Bennett College

• City: Greensboro
• Tuition: $18,550
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 207
• Note: All-women’s college
• Acceptance Rate: 79%

Elizabeth City State University

• City: Elizabeth City
• In-State Tuition: $6,956
• Out-of-State Tuition: $10,956
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,033
• Acceptance Rate: 74%

Fayetteville State University

• City: Fayetteville
• In-State Tuition: $2,262
• Out-of-State Tuition: $6,262
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,748
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Best HBCU Colleges in North Carolina (Continued)

Johnson C. Smith University

• City: Charlotte
• Tuition: $21,714
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,052
• Acceptance Rate: 9%

Livingstone College

• City: Salisbury
• Tuition: $18,293
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 839
• Acceptance Rate: 64%

North Carolina Central University

• City: Durham
• In-State Tuition: $6,679
• Out-of-State Tuition: $19,715
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,634
• Acceptance Rate: 84%

Best HBCU Colleges in North Carolina (Continued)

North Carolina A&T State University

• City: Greensboro
• In-State Tuition: $6,733
• Out-of-State Tuition: $20,243
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 11,833
• Acceptance Rate: 56%

Shaw University

• City: Raleigh
• Tuition: $16,480
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 924
• Acceptance Rate: 61%

Saint Augustine’s University

• City: Raleigh
• Tuition: $16,896
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 937
• Acceptance Rate: 72%

Best HBCU Colleges in North Carolina (Continued)

Winston-Salem State University

• City: Winston Salem
• In-State Tuition: $6,276
• Out-of-State Tuition: $16,932
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 4,726
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Best HBCU Colleges in Ohio

Central State University

• City: Wilberforce
• In-State Tuition: $7,830
• Out-of-State Tuition: $9,830
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,406
• Acceptance Rate: 89%

Wilberforce University

• City: Wilberforce
• Tuition: $13,250
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 544
• Acceptance Rate: 39%

Best HBCU Colleges in Oklahoma

Langston University

• City: Langston
• In-State Tuition: $6,639
• Out-of-State Tuition: $14,166
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,814
• Acceptance Rate: 61%

Best HBCU Colleges in Pennsylvania

Cheyney University

• City: Cheyney
• In-State Tuition: $10,904
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,870
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 642
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

The Lincoln University

• City: Lincoln University
• In-State Tuition: $12,512
• Out-of-State Tuition: $18,464
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,712
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Best HBCU Colleges in South Carolina

Allen University

• City: Columbia
• Tuition: $13,540
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 603
• Acceptance Rate: 49%

Benedict College

• City: Columbia
• Tuition: $18,000
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,796
• Acceptance Rate: 68%

Claflin University

• City: Orangeburg
• Tuition: $17,046
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,749
• Acceptance Rate: 78%

Best HBCU Colleges in South Carolina (Continued)

Clinton College

• City: Rock Hill
• Tuition: $10,020
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 119
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Denmark Technical College

• City: Denmark
• In-State Tuition: $5,966
• Out-of-State Tuition: $11,592
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 491
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Morris College

• City: Sumter
• Tuition: $15,758
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 410
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

South Carolina State University

• City: Orangeburg
• In-State Tuition: $12,592
• Out-of-State Tuition: $23,282
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,347
• Acceptance Rate: 84%

Best HBCU Colleges in South Carolina (Continued)

Voorhees University

• City: Denmark
• Tuition: $12,630
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 473
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in Tennessee

American Baptist College

• City: Nashville
• Tuition: $12,474
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 53
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Fisk University

• City: Nashville
• Tuition: $23,578
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,009
• Acceptance Rate: 71%

Lane College

• City: Jackson
• Tuition: $11,790
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,010
• Acceptance Rate: 37%

Best HBCU Colleges (Continued)

LeMoyne-Owen College

• City: Memphis
• Tuition: $12,076
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 613
• Acceptance Rate: 98%

Tennessee State University

• City: Nashville
• In-State Tuition: $8,336
• Out-of-State Tuition: $21,692
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 7,678
• Acceptance Rate: 93%

Best HBCU Colleges in Texas

Huston-Tillotson University

• City: Austin
• Tuition: $14,703
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 991
• Acceptance Rate: 50%

Jarvis Christian University

• City: Hawkins
• Tuition: $11,720
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 721
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Paul Quinn College

• City: Dallas
• Tuition: $13,798
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 384
• Acceptance Rate: 87%

Best HBCU Colleges in Texas (Continued)

Prairie View A&M University

• City: Prairie View
• In-State Tuition: $11,299
• Out-of-State Tuition: $26,874
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 8,444
• Acceptance Rate: 77%

Southwestern Christian College

• City: Terrell
• Tuition: $12,030
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 92
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

St. Philip’s College

• City: San Antonio
• In-District Tuition: $3,112
• In-State Tuition: $6,592
• Out-of-State Tuition: $14,122
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 12, 696
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in Texas (Continued)

Texas College

• City: Tyler
• Tuition: $10,008
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 731
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Texas Southern University

• City: Houston
• In-State Tuition: $9,173
• Out-of-State Tuition: $21,413
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 6,830
• Acceptance Rate: 97%

Wiley University

• City: Marshall
• Tuition: $12,500
• Enrollment: 698
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in the US Virgin Islands

University of the Virgin Islands

• City: St. Thomas
• Tuition: $5,611
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,378
• Acceptance Rate: 97%

Best HBCU Colleges in Virginia

Hampton University

• City: Hampton
• Tuition: $29,312
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 2,794
• Acceptance Rate: 45%

Norfolk State University

• City: Norfolk
• In-State Tuition: $9,910
• Out-of-State Tuition: $21,412
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 5,337
• Acceptance Rate: 89%

Best HBCU Colleges in Virginia (Continued)

Virginia State University

• City: Petersburg
• In-State Tuition: $9,755
• Out-of-State Tuition: $21,253
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 4,242
• Acceptance Rate: 96%

Virginia Union University

• City: Richmond
• Tuition: $14, 230
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,318
• Acceptance Rate: 81%

Best HBCU Colleges in Virginia (Continued)

Virginia University of Lynchburg

• City: Lynchburg
• Tuition: $10,136
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 244
• Acceptance Rate: N/A

Best HBCU Colleges in West Virginia

Bluefield State University

• City: Bluefield
• In-State Tuition: $9,200
• Out-of-State Tuition: $17,100
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 1,281
• Acceptance Rate: 98%

West Virginia State University

• City: Institute
• In-State Tuition: $9,164
• Out-of-State Tuition: $14,588
• Undergraduate Enrollment: 3,634
• Acceptance Rate: 96%

Best HBCU Colleges – Citations:

[i] Higher Education Act of 1965. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-765/pdf/COMPS-765.pdf

[ii] Nave, Felecia M., Fred A. Bonner, Chance W. Lewis, Sherri Frizell, Ashley Parker, Michael McFrazier, and Petra A. Robinson, “African American Students’ Academic Achievement in STEM at HBCUs,” Advancing Educational Outcomes in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics at Historically Black Colleges and Universities. University Press of America, Inc., Lanham. p. 124.

[iii] Edwards, Ashley., Justin Ortagus, Jonathan Smith, and Andria Smythe. “HBCU Enrollment and Longer-Term Outcomes,” EdWorking Paper No. 23-883. November 2023. https://edworkingpapers.com/sites/default/files/ai23-883.pdf

[iv] “The STEM Labor Force of Today: Scientists, Engineers, and Skilled Technical Workers.” National Science Board: Science & Engineering Indicators, August 2021.  https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsb20212/

[v] Kim, M.M., Conrad, C.F. THE IMPACT OF HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ON THE ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN STUDENTS. Res High Educ 47, 399–427 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-005-9001-4 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11162-005-9001-4

[vi] Hardy, P. M., Kaganda, E. J., & Aruguete, M. S. (2019). Below the Surface: HBCU Performance, Social Mobility, and College Ranking. Journal of Black Studies, 50(5), 468-483. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934719847910

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0021934719847910

[vii] Burton, Jazmin. “Spelman College Breaks Admission Application Record.” Spelman.edu, 26 March 2021. https://www.spelman.edu/about-us/news-and-events/news-releases/2021/03/26/spelman-college-breaks-admissions-application-record

[viii] “Students for Fair Admission, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College.” Supreme Court of the United States, October Term, 2022. https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf

[ix] Knox, Liam. “Reading Between the Lines on Affirmative Action,” Inside HigherEd. 17 July, 2023. https://www.insidehighered.com/news/admissions/traditional-age/2023/07/17/what-affirmative-action-decision-means-beyond-admissions

[x] Wood, Sarah. “What the End of Race-Conscious College Admissions Could Mean for HBCUs,” U.S. News & World Report, 1 September, 2023. https://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/articles/what-the-end-of-race-conscious-college-admissions-could-mean-for-hbcus